The terrazzo surface is suitable for areas with certain moisture-proof (water-proof) requirements and high dust-proof, clean and other building ground projects, such as general assembly workshops and constant temperature and humidity workshops in industrial buildings. In civil buildings and public buildings, it is also widely used, such as airport terminals, hotel foyers and hospitals, dormitory aisles, toilets, dining rooms, meeting rooms, offices and so on.
How to make a cast-in-place terrazzo floor
Tools/Materials
Cement: No. 425 and above Portland cement and ordinary Portland cement should be used for the primary color terrazzo surface. For colored terrazzo, white or colored cement should be used. For the ground of the same single project, the same factory batch number of cement should be used.
Sand: Medium sand, passing through a sieve with an aperture of 0.63mm, the mud content shall not exceed 3%.
Stone (stone rice): clean and free of debris should be used marble particles, the particle size is generally 4 ~ 12mm unless there are special requirements, or a mixture of large, medium and small stones in a certain proportion. It is advisable to use the same batch of stones from the same production area for the same unit project. Stones with different colors and specifications should be stacked in different categories.
Glass strip: Determined by the design or cut from ordinary 3mm thick flat glass into a glass strip with a width of about 10mm (depending on the particle size of the stone), and the length is determined by the size of the block. ,
Copper strip: use ≥3mm thick copper plate, about 10mm wide (depending on the particle size of the stone), the length is determined by the size of the block, and the copper strip must be straightened before it can be used. Drill four holes with a diameter of 2mm per meter at the lower 1/3 of the copper strip, and thread them with iron wires for later use.
Pigment: Light-resistant and alkali-resistant mineral pigments are used, and the mixing amount is not more than 12% of the weight of the cement. Do not use acidic pigments. If colored cement is used, it can be directly mixed with stones.
Others: oxalic acid, floor wax, lead wire with a diameter of φ0.5～1.0mm.
steps/methods
Screed
⑴Break ash cakes and make punching ribs: the method is the same as the cement mortar plastering on the ground of the building.
⑵ Brush plain cement slurry bonding layer: The method is the same as the cement mortar plastering on the floor of the building.
(3) Spread cement mortar leveling layer: use 1:3 dry hard cement mortar for the leveling layer, first spread the mortar flat, then use a pressure ruler to press the punching ribs to level it, and then use a wooden trowel to smooth and compact it. The surface is required to be flat and dense. Keep it rough. After the leveling layer is applied, it should be watered and maintained for at least one day the next day.
Grid Mosaic
⑴After the leveling layer is maintained for one day, first pop up the vertical and horizontal two-way or pattern ink lines on the leveling layer according to the design requirements, and then cut the grid strips according to the ink lines.
⑵Use pure cement slurry to spread the lower part of the grid strip into a splayed angle and embed it firmly (about 30 degrees with the leveling layer), and the iron wire worn by the copper strip should be buried well. The smearing height of pure cement slurry is 3-5mm lower than that of the grid strips. The grid strips should be firmly inlaid, the joints should be tight, the top surface should be on the same plane, and the flatness and straightness should be checked through the line.
⑶ After the grid strips are inlaid, start watering and maintenance every 12 hours, at least two days.
⑴水泥石子漿必須嚴(yán)格按照配合比計(jì)量。彩色水磨石應(yīng)先按配合比將白水泥和顏料反復(fù)干拌均勻，拌完后密篩多次，使顏料均勻混合在白水泥中，并調(diào)足供補(bǔ)漿之用的備用量，最后按配合比與石米攪拌均勻，并加水?dāng)嚢琛?/p>
?、其佀嗍訚{前一天，灑水濕潤(rùn)基層。將分格條內(nèi)的積水和浮砂清除干凈，并涂素刷水泥漿一遍，水泥品種與石子漿的水泥品種一致，隨即將水泥石子漿先鋪在分格條旁邊，將分格條邊約10cm內(nèi)的水泥石子漿（石子漿配合比一般為1：1.25或1：1.50）輕輕抹平壓實(shí)，以保護(hù)分格條，然后再整格鋪抹，用木磨板子或鐵抹子抹平壓實(shí)，但不應(yīng)用壓尺平刮。面層應(yīng)比分格條高5mm左右，如局部石子漿過(guò)厚，應(yīng)用鐵抹子挖去，再將周圍的石子漿刮平壓實(shí)，對(duì)局部水泥漿較厚處，應(yīng)適當(dāng)補(bǔ)撒一些石子，并壓平壓實(shí)，要達(dá)到表面平整，石子分布均勻。
?、鞘訚{面至少要經(jīng)兩次用毛橫掃粘拉開(kāi)面漿，檢查石粒均勻（若過(guò)于稀疏應(yīng)及時(shí)補(bǔ)上石子）后，再用鐵抹子抹平壓實(shí)，至泛漿為止。要求將波紋壓平，分格條頂面上的石子應(yīng)清除掉。
?、仍谕黄矫嫔先缬袔追N顏色圖案時(shí)，應(yīng)先做深色，后做淺色。待前一種色漿凝固后，再抹后一種色漿。兩種顏色的色漿不應(yīng)同時(shí)鋪抹，避免串色。但間隔時(shí)間不宜過(guò)長(zhǎng)，一般可隔日鋪抹。
?、绅B(yǎng)護(hù)：石子漿鋪抹完成后，次日起應(yīng)進(jìn)行澆水養(yǎng)護(hù)。并應(yīng)設(shè)警戒線嚴(yán)防人行踐踏。
磨光
?、糯竺娣e施工宜用機(jī)械磨石機(jī)研磨，小面積、邊角處可使用小型手提式磨機(jī)研磨，對(duì)局部無(wú)法使用機(jī)械研磨時(shí)，可用手工研磨。開(kāi)磨前應(yīng)試磨，若試磨后石粒不松動(dòng)，即可開(kāi)磨。一般開(kāi)磨時(shí)間同氣溫、水泥標(biāo)號(hào)品種有關(guān)。
⑵磨光作業(yè)應(yīng)采用“二漿三磨”方法進(jìn)行，即整個(gè)磨光過(guò)程分為磨光三遍，補(bǔ)漿二次。
A、用60～80號(hào)粗石磨第一遍，隨磨隨用清水沖洗，并將磨出的漿液及時(shí)掃除。對(duì)整個(gè)水磨面，要磨勻、磨平、磨透，使石粒面及全部分格條頂面外露。
B、磨完后要及時(shí)將泥漿水沖洗干凈，稍干后，涂刷一層同顏色水泥漿（即補(bǔ)漿），用以填補(bǔ)砂眼和凹痕，對(duì)個(gè)別脫石部位要填補(bǔ)好，不同顏色上漿時(shí)，要按先深后淺的順序進(jìn)行。
C、補(bǔ)漿后需養(yǎng)護(hù)3～4天，再用100～150號(hào)磨石進(jìn)行第二遍研磨，方法同第一遍。要求磨至表面平滑、無(wú)模糊不清之感為止。
D、經(jīng)磨完清洗干凈后，再涂刷一層同色水泥漿。繼續(xù)養(yǎng)護(hù)3～4天后，用180～240號(hào)細(xì)磨石進(jìn)行第三遍研磨，要求磨至石子粒粒顯露，表面平整光滑，無(wú)砂眼細(xì)孔為止，再用清水將其沖洗干凈并養(yǎng)護(hù)。
⑶過(guò)草酸出光。對(duì)研磨完成的水磨石面層，經(jīng)檢查達(dá)到平整度、光滑度要求后，即可進(jìn)行擦草酸打磨出光。操作時(shí)可涂刷10%~15%的草酸溶液，或直接在水磨石面層上澆適量水及撒草酸粉，隨后用280~320號(hào)細(xì)油石細(xì)磨，磨至出白漿、表面光滑為止。然后用布擦去白漿，并用清水沖洗干凈并晾干。
?、壬舷瀿伖狻０聪灒好河?1：4的比例將其熱熔化，并摻入松香水適量后調(diào)成稀糊狀，用布將蠟薄薄地均勻涂刷在水磨石面上。待蠟干后，用包有麻布的木塊代替油石裝在磨石機(jī)的磨盤上進(jìn)行磨光，直到水磨石地面光滑潔亮為止。
